https://www.sjournals.com/index.php/sjr <p>Scientific Journal Review (SJR) an Open Access Journal, is an international interdisciplinary research journal on all aspects of science and technology. It provides a unique forum to place your ideas, articles of general interest, research article, commentaries, book reviews, review articles, and anything of interest to the scientific community. Articles from different branches of science and technology are promptly made available to the wide range of readers after peer review. Being an open access journal, articles are freely available online, and those interested may read online or download articles in pdf format.</p> SJournals en-US Scientific Journal of Review 2322-2433 https://www.sjournals.com/index.php/sjr/article/view/1699 <p>Grounded on Peal and Lambert (1962)’s code-switching theory, the purpose of this review was to explore the applicability and value of code-switching in sign bilingual education. The paper conceives code-switching between oral and sign language as sign bilingual code-switching. Literature is replete with studies that promote the validity of hearing code-switching yet there are conflicting conclusions that are openly hostile to sign bilingual code-switching. This paper is however posited on a belief that sign bilingual code-switching is applicable and valid in scaffolding learning and language development and in facilitating social interaction in inclusive and sign bilingual education settings. The paper concludes that literature that is opposed to the applicability and validity of sign bilingual code-switching was influenced by the hostile historic beliefs in hegemonic power struggles that often characterize languages and cultures as either dominant or minor. Thus, successful sign bilingual code-switching is that which recognises the equality of oral and sign language and of the hearing and Deaf cultures while at the same time embracing inter-sentential code-switching practices. In these regards, for sign bilingual teachers to successfully use sign bilingual code-switching, they must be proficient in both the dominant oral language and the sign language of that community. Professional training and regular staff development is recommended in these regards.</p> Patrick Sibanda Copyright (c) 2022 Patrick Sibanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-01-23 2022-01-23 10 1 664 669 https://www.sjournals.com/index.php/sjr/article/view/1685 <p>The primary fortitude of this discussion is to overview the effect of flushing on reproductive competency in goat and sheep production. Flushing is meant to supply high calorific value and/or proteinaceous feed prior, during, and after mating. It has been a common nutritional management practice among commercial goat and sheep producers to increase ovulation, conception rates, and implantation rates hence the increased number of kids/lambs born. This event is on the premise that there is a strong relationship between nutrition and reproductive performance in goats and sheep. Like sheep, goats also have high chances for multiple ovulations, but this potential may be compromised by nutritional stress experienced prior, during, and after mating. Since ewes/does nutritional demands fluctuate throughout the reproductive cycle, strategic feed supplementation (flushing) can be an essential management tool to improve reproductive efficiency. The basic understanding is that fortified nutrition, especially energy, just before and during the early breeding season increases the ovulation rate and hence the lambing or kidding rate. Twinning and triplet at birth are sometimes a clear indication of increased ovulation rate due to flushing. Some of the factors that influence flushing are a dietary source, body weight and scoring, and timing and duration of flushing. Compared with a high-calorie diet, a high-protein diet can increase the ovulation rate of the ewe/does. Satisfactory body condition is critical for acceptable conception rates, however outside certain biologic limits, flushing is not effective. Supply of high proteinaceous and high calorific value feed prior, during, and after mating does not always increase lambing or kidding rates; but may enhance the number of females cycling early in the breeding season, consequentially in the birth of a larger portion of the offspring early in the lambing or kidding season. From this discussion can conclude that flushing has a significant influence on the reproductive performance of ewes/ does.</p> Never Assan Copyright (c) 2022 Never Assan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2022-01-20 2022-01-20 10 1 644 663