Definition of singularity due to Newton’s second law counteracting gravity

Authors

  • Hossein Javadi Azad Islamic University, Science and Research Campuses, Islamic Republic of Iran
  • Farshid Forouzbakhsh Universitiy of Tehran, Sci. & Tech. Park, Islamic Republic of Iran
  • Arezu Jahanshir Faculty of physics, FKN University, Kazakhstan, Iran

Keywords:

Sub-quantum space-time, Sub-quantum energy, Sub-quantum divergence, Sub-quantum convergence, Absolute black hole, Singularity

Abstract

With several issuesbeing raised in the late twentieth century, modern physics was challenged andwhile quantum mechanics and relativity did not have the ability to respond andresolve issues also they cannot do it todays.Despite such problems, physicists are trying to find an appropriate andconvincing response only on the scope of quantum physics and relativity and inthis respect need topay attention to the classical mechanics.Series of failures exist in some categories of these theories, that prior totheir use, they should be clarified and resolved. Regarding on review of Newton's second law in this paper, we have been attempted toenter to the sub-quantum space by crossing the border of quantum mechanics thento survey of counteracting Newton's second law and the universal gravitationlaw and finally we can be analyzed and investigated the results. Insub-quantum space, we passed across the black hole and reach the formation ofthe absolute black hole (a new term that has been presented for the first time in astrophysics by the authors) by specifying the limits of Newton's second lawand gravitation law, then the singularity will be explained in the explosion of an absolute black hole. In thisreview we will be forced to change their attitude towards the singularity andthe general conclusion in the singularity state is: volume will not be zero, densitywill be limited, the time is not a physical quantity (absolute or relative) anda human as an observer (who is not neutral) has invented the time just forusing it to the explain the ticking clock. We use the time just for the clockticking and in different physical situations we can only examine the working of the clocks or compare them to each other.

References

Barcelo, C., et. al., 2011, Quantum Non-Gravity and Stellar Collapse, arXiv: 1002.4651v2 [gr-qc].

Behera , H., Mukhopadhyay, G., 2011, “On the invariance of the speed of light”, arXiv: 1111.6516 [physics.pop-ph].

Coughlan, G., Edmund-Dodd, J., Gripaios, B., 2006, The ideas of particle physics: an introduction for scientists, Cambridge University Press.

Crothers, S., 2009, The Schwarzschild solution and its implications for gravitational waves, proceeding of German Physical Society Conference, Munich, p.9-13.

Field, J.H., 2009, Uniformly moving clocks in special relativity: Time dilatation, but no relativity of simultaneity or length contraction, arXiv: physics/0603135v7 [physics.gen-ph].

Giambo, R., 2008, Gravitational collapse of homogeneous perfect fluids in higher-order gravity theories, arXiv: 0811.4570v1 gr-qc].

Javadi, H., et. al., 2012, Discoveries and the necessity of Reconsidering the Perspectives on Newton's Second Law, Journal of Nuclear and Particle Physics, vol. 2(3), p.31-35.

Joshi, P.S., Malafarina, D., 2012, Recent developments in gravitational collapse and spacetime singularities, arXiv: 1201.3660v1 [gr-qc].

Kane, G., 2003, The dawn of physics beyond the standard model, Scientific American, vol. 288(6), p.68-75.

Kobayashi, T., Maeda, K., 2009, Can higher curvature corrections cure the singularity problem in f(R) gravity?, arXiv: 0810.5664v2 [astro-ph].

Konkowski, D.A., 2004, “Quantum Singularities”, arXiv: gr-qc/0408036v1 12.

Nazarenko, S., et. al., 2008, Statistics of surface gravity wave turbulence in the space and time domains, arXiv: 0811.2579v1 [nlin.CD].

Senovilla, J., 2006, Singularity Theorems in General Relativity: Achievements and Open Questions, arXiv: hist-ph/0605007.

Stoica, C., 2012, “Big bang singularity in the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker space-time “, arXiv: 1112.4508v2, [gr-qc].

Stoica, C., 2012, Quantum gravity from metric dimensional reduction at singularities, arXiv: 1205.2586v2 [gr-qc].

Yan, M., et. al., 2012, Superluminal Neutrinos from Special Relativity with de Sitter Space-time Symmetry, arXiv: 1111.4532v4 [physics.gen-ph].

Zheng-Johansson, J. X., Johansson, P-I., 2006, Origin of Mass. Mass and Mass-Energy Equation from Classcal Mechanics Solution, arXiv: physics/0501037v3.

Published

2013-03-30

How to Cite

Javadi, H. ., Forouzbakhsh, F. ., & Jahanshir, A. . (2013). Definition of singularity due to Newton’s second law counteracting gravity. Scientific Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2(3), 116-124. Retrieved from http://www.sjournals.com/index.php/sjpas/article/view/989

Issue

Section

Physics